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WEATHER Pair and slightly warmer today and tonight; Friday, fair and con tinued warm. Tshe Hhelhy Mily Htscr - State Theatre Today - “IN SOCIETY" Bud ABBOTT Lou COSTELLO CLEVELAND COUNTY’S NEWSPAPER SINCE 1894 TELEPHONES 1100 VOL XLIU-250 ASSOCIATED PRESS NEWS SHELBY, N. C. THURSDAY, OCT. 18, 1945 TELEMAT PICTURES SINGLE COPIES—fic INTERNATIONAL WAR CRIMES COMMISSION MEETS ** ************** . # * . W W L1*- W W W W W * * # • Col. Peron Returned To Power In Second Upheaval In Argentina ' ' -- i - ■ —— ■ ■ - - I ! . .. - , Indonesian Nationalists Reject Dutch Proposal For Partnership Rule By Ralph Morton BATAVIA, JAVA, Oct. 18.—(/P)—A ^British convoy ar rived tonight off the Java port of Semarang carrying Indian troops who will be sent after dawn to rescue Red Cross and relief personnel beleaguered by Javanese nationals. Lit. col. j. A. Meisop announced the arrival at allied headquarters and said more British troc/.s were embarking in Malaya for Sumatra, another rich Dutch island, where there may be "violent disturbanc es.” Mohamed Hatta, vice president of the Nationalist Indonesian council, said the organization had rejected the Dutch proposal for partnership in ruling the Nether lands East Indies. He asserted that many years of bloodshed would result should the Dutch impose armed rule in the colony. Ghurka troops took over the In dies Eummer capital of Sandoeng from the Japanese last night. Col. Meisop said. Moving from Bata via, which remained quiet, the troops encountered numerous road blocks, some manned by the na tionalists. All were removed. The colonel said the Japanese coop erated "perfectly” in passing con trol to the British, charged with occupation of the colony for the allies as a result of the Japanese surrender. ALWAYS DIFFICULT Parts of Sumatra always have been difficult for Dutch rulers. The Dutch fought battles with natives in North Sumatra until as late as 1904. Hatta held a press conference in the residence of the Indonesian Nationalist President Soekamo a day after a series of outbreaks in scattered localities had resulted in the death of 15 Netherlanders and Christian Indonesians. •‘The Dutch should not remain under the Illusion that they can thwart the Indonesian desire to remain independent,” Hatta said. ' The reported 40,000 Dutch troops to be used in Indonesia to spread See INDONESIAN Page 2 Marshall Wants A-l Espionage System "We Must Know About The Intent, Military Capabili ties Of Every Country In The World" WASHINGTON, Oct. 18.—(#)—Gen. George C. Mar shall told senators today this country no longer can depend on “coffee cup” intelligence work but must have a world NAVY SLOW ON DISCHARGES Personnel Chief Colled Before Senote Commit tee To Explain WASHINGTON, Oct 18. —UP)— The senate military committee call ed on the chief of naval personnel today to answer complaints about the tempo of the Navy's demobili zation program. Committee members said they had many questions to ask Admiral Louis Denfeld, based mainly on contention that the Navy discharge system Is slower and less liberal than the War Department’s. Meanwhile the Navy made pub lic an assurance from Secretary Forrestal that withdrawal of war ships from the Pacific to celebrate Navy Day In this country October 27 would not slacken the homeward flow of troops. "No vessel which could carry men is being held In port merely to celebrate Navy Day,” he said. Acting Chairman Edwin C. John son (D-Colo) of the military com mittee told a reporter he hoped Denfeld could supply some "good news to match that we got from the Army yesterday." GOOD ARMY NEWS The good news from the Army came in this testimony by Brig. Gen. R. W. Bery, deputy person nel chief: 1. Voluntary enlistments totaled more than 1,000 a day for the last two weeks, all potential replace ments for high point men. 2. Discharges now are at the rate of 40,000 a day, should total more than 1,000,000 In October, and are expected to continue at the same speed In November and December. 3. The Army may have to lower the critical discharge score below 60 points in December. BY OCT. 27 In a separate statement Brig. Gen. Charles F. Born, boss of Army Air Force separations, said the AAF was creating 8,000 civilians a day and expected to have all ellglbles back In private life by October 27. Johnson and Senator Rever vomb (R-WVa) asked Berry about General Marshall’s statement to congress that the Army hoped to Junk its point system and let out everyone with two years’ service late this winter. Berry said this still was the goal, but remarked that “late this win ter” means around March 20. * > wide espionage system. The general of the armies urged maintenance of an over-all In telligence setup as an adjunct to the proposed merger of the army and navy Into one military de partment. “We should know as much as possible about the intent, as well as the military capabilities, of ev ery country In the world,” he tes tified before the senate military affairs committee. Marshall said that before the war this country depended on information that could be ob tained by military attaches “over the coffee cups at some dinner.” He had a vague re collection, he said with a smile, that congress discouraged any other kind of intelligence net work. At the same time, the five star general said, all of the rest of the world was finding out what the United States was doing. He Insisted that henceforth, this country must put its Intelligence on a “business basis." “We must know the facts for our own defense,” he declared. WANTS MERGER Marshall, pleading for a unified postwar army-navy department, said today the navy neither “con sulted nor informed” the army when it made its post-war plans. The chief of staff told the sen ate military committee il had been exceedingly difficult during the war to get agreement on con flicting ideas of army and navy leaders. That’s why, he said, a mere con tinuation of the wartime Joint chiefs of staff isn’t enough. Marshall declared the navy de partment recently sent congress Its plans for a postwar navy and marine force, and added: See MARSHALL Page X NATION-WIDE STRIKES HALT ALL INDUSTRY Nation's Fleet Moves Out Of Base; Destination Unknown CABINETOTFRIENDS BUENOS AIRES, Oct. 18. —{IP)—A nation-wide strike by 500,000 members of the general federation of workers who supported Col Juan Per on, former vice president, in a new surge to power, today brought nearly to a stop Ar gentina’s industrial and com mercial activity. At the same time a high source said the Argentine high seas fleet I had moved out of its base at Puerto Belgrano, 600 miles south of Buenos Aires. Destination of the fleet was un known, but Adm. Hector Vemen go Lima, a leader of the move ment which ousted Peron on Oct. 9, was in turn thrown out of of fice yesterday in the political up heaval which saw Peron returned to a position of dominance. The strong man of the military government forced the formation of a cabinet of his supporters and friends, and hailed a general strike called in Jiis behalf as celebrat ing “a day'of glory for the work ers.” President Bdelmtro Farrell toss ed aside i “cabinet of notables” submitted by Juan Alvarez as at torney general? threw nut Alvarez hlms«f, reinstated neural mem bers of his deposed cabinet, oust ed Adm. Hector Vemengo Lima, a leader of the Oct. 9 movement against Peron, as navy minister, and before a vast crowd hailed Peron as "a man who knows how to win your hearts." LEAVE PORT The newspaper La Preifta said that shortly before midnight the gunboats Independencia and Ros ario and the minesweeper Drum mond of the Argentine navy left the capital’s port. It printed an See NATION-WIDE Page t Admission To Palestine Is Asked For Jews WASHINGTON, Oct, 10— (F) — President Truman said today ha had asked Prime Minister Attlee to admit 100,000 Jews tb.Palestine* and that the matter lawful under consideration by Britain. The president made this dis closure at a news conference at which he also said no* additional "Big Three” meeting is contem plated to settle the stalemate which developed from the London coun cil of foreign ministers. The president said be did not want to push the British unduly in their consideration of further Jew ish immigration to Palestine. He said that Attlee didn’t want to admit as many as 100,000. The whole matter, he said, still Is being considered and there was rather voluminous correspondence between the two governments sotne time ago. The President also told report ers that European rehabilitation and relief will have to be contin ued through UNRRA Unless the United States wants to assume the whole burden. He made this comment when asked about criticism of UNRRA by members of Congress, recently returned from Europe. American Occupation Of Reich Hard In Theory, Not In Fact By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER WASHINGTON, Oct. 18. —(AV The Unite: States consistently has talked tougher than it has acted In the control of defeated Germany, a newly-published policy directive disclosed today. The directive was the first which Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower receiv ed last April in preparation for es tablishment of a military govern ment in the part of Germany his forces occupied. It also was intended to guide the general in working with British, Russian and French members of the Allied control council at Berlin. Later at their Berlin meeting In July, President Trunuuu Prime Minister Attlee and Generalissimo Stalin laid down an allied policy lor Germany which for all practical purposes superseded the earlier di rective sent to Elsenhower ae an expression of American policy alcre. - It is true, however that* on any. points not covered by the ■Potsdam declaration, Eisenhower still may draw his authority from the original Truman order. In most respects this original See AMERICAN Page * . .. AND NOW THE LIE-DOWN STRIKER—Jack Evans, a picket at the Warner Brothers studio in Hollywood, is being removed by deputy sher iffs after he lay down in front of an automobile which was about to go through the picket lines.—(AP Wirephoto) Government Happy Over End Of Strike Officials Too Glad It's Over To Bother Much With What Lies Behind Move By Harold W. Ward . WASHINGTON, Oct 18.—(/P)—-The..government evi denced frank relief today at John L. Lewis’s sudden move to end the critical soft coal strikes, leaving speculation over his GOOD REPORTS ONWARFUND Reports From War Fund Drive To Be Made By Tomorrow With reports of team captains and solicitors in the United War Fund drive due to be made by to morrow with Paxton Elliott at the First National bank, Shem Black ley, campaign chairman said this morning that he had received particularly encouraging prelimi nary reports from workers in in dustrial districts. He emphasized, however, that the Cleveland drive is still short of its goal and that it will take the combined efforts of everybody to meet the quota of $23,932 which has been set for this county. As this drive was progressing reports continued to pour in of the mounting needs in Europe, A sla, and the Pacific. FROM Mac ARTHUR General Douglas MacArthur has cabled a message of appreciation to the USO for the work it has been carrying on among the sol diers and expressed a desire for the enlargement of the USO camp shows. Thirty-four percent of the fund raised in this county will go - Funds are badly needed' in the Philippines now too. For See GOOD Page 2 Attorney Dismisses Manslaughter Charge Against Mrs. Stevens BRnxJEPORT, CONN., Oct. 18— (JPh—‘The charge of manslaughter placed against Mrs. Imogene Du mas Stevens, 24-year-old wife of a new Canaan army major alter she shot and killed a Norwalk sail or last June, was dismissed today in Superior court. Lorln W. Willis, Fairfield coun ty state attorney, asked for the nolle pros, telling the court he had been "forced to conclude that there is reasonable doubt, or more” regarding Mrs. Stevens’ guilt. Coroner Theodore E. Steiber had held in a finding that the former Texas girl who married paratroop Major O. Ralsey Stevens III, her second husband, while he was sta tioned in Oklahoma two years ago, was criminally responsible for the death of Albert Kovacs, 19, who was killed fti the home of Mr. and Mrs. Charlie Milton at New Cana < motives to others. Labor, reconversion and solid fuels officials hopefully assumed that the 216,000 striking bitumin ous coal miners would return to work next Monday as directed by the United Mine Workers’ presi dent. The strikes, which started Sep tember 21 and spread to six states, had threatened to bring re conversion to a grinding halt. The threat to steel—and thence to autos and a score of basic in dustries — had been multiplying daily with the loss of more than a million tons with each complete work cycle. There was little inclination on the part of the government to look behind Lewis’s surprise halt order. A l'.MW spokes man said the action “obvious ly” was taken “in the public interest.” Considerable speculation existed elsewhere, however. Most labor sources expected that Lewis would renew his demand on the operators for unionization of the supervisory, clerical and tech nical employes—the issue in the strikes—when he reopens the con tract next March 31. Some of the discussions over the back-to-work order took this tack: 1. Lewis may have been convinc ed that the alternative to ending the strikes—calling out all 400,000 soft coal miners and possibly the 72,000 anthracite miners as well— would not be a smashing success. It’s hard to get production work ers to lose pay over their foremen bosses’ grievances. No pay in crease for the miners was involved. 2. The mine leader has been showing increasing concern over public opinion. The immediate effect of Lewis's See GOVERNMENT Page 2 Senate Committee Votes Changes In Tax-Reduction Bill WASHINGTON, Oct. 18 — (/P)—The senate finance com mittee voted today to cut in dividual income taxes $2,085, •00,000 a year and remove an estimated 12,000,000 low-in come persons from the tax rolls. k The senators also agreed to repeal the excess profit; tax on corporations next January 1, accounting for another slash of $2,555,000,000 in revenue. Thus, before acting on pro posed - excise tax reductions and other odds and ends, the committee in a two-hour ses sion reduced the prospective federal income by a total of $4,610,000,000. VAST HOARDS OF JAPANESE LOOT SEIZED Also 20 Truck Loads Of Hidden Arms, Ammuni tion Confiscated NARCOTICSTRADE HIT TOKYO, Oct. 18.—(^P)— Huge, hidden Japanese for tunes in diamonds and prec ious metals were scooped up today by American occupa tion forces, who moved at the same time to stamp out one of Japan’s great sources of wealth—the illicit narcotics industry. Allied headquarters froze narco tics stocks in Japan and Korea and banned' production of narcotics yieldir.g plants, estimating by that one move to cut off more than 90 per cent of the world's illicit nar cotics traffic. As a precautionary measure —possibly in view of the winter of cold and hunger facing the Japanese—American troops in a four-day house to house search confiscated more than 20 truck loads of hidden Japanese arms and ammunitions. More than $30,000,000 worth of dazzling diamonds—largely govern ment owned and many obtained through deceit of the Japanese peo ple—were discovered today in cheap, quart thermos bottles in a safety deposit box. GOLD, SILVER While Joyestigators uncovered the rich flOdpiriUhons of dollars worth of gold and silver bullion be gan moving in two and one-half ton U. S. Army trucks under arm ed escorts from the bomb-battered government mint to the Bank of Japan. Allied officers fofcnd 103 tons of silver bars, which they valued at about $2,000,000, stacked carefully in a farmer’s barn near Kasugai, 85 miles from Tokyo. The farmer, Ka shiro Haibara, said the silver was sent to him from Tokyo to save it from loss during American bomb ings. Another $1,000,000 worth of silver was found a few days previously, cached in an underground room near a machine shop at Harljteuka, about 100 miles from Tokyo." KADAWA INTERCEDES Toyohiko Kagawa, Japanese Christian leader, urged General MacArthur to divert part of the more than $250,000,000 in govern ment valuables already seized to import food. Addressing MacArthur .through a letter to the newspaper Manichi, Kagawa added: , “It goes without saying that the Japanese people will ^endeavor their See VAST Page 2 ROBBERIES' CLEARED® Robbery of the Joe Plner home and' the J. P. Wilson home last July were cleared up by the Shel by police department today with the sending of a 13-year-old white boy to Jackson Training school. This lad was committed to the correctional institution after offi cers said that he had admitted to them that he had ransacked these two homes last summer. He was picked up by the police after he is alleged to have entered the J. D. Campbell cotton warehouse a bout a week ago. > Trial was held in Juvenile court tjefore E. A. Houser, jr., judge of juvenile court. , \ Indictments Charging War Crimes Filed At First Public Session BERLIN, Oct. 18.—(/P)—A massive book-size indict ment charging German war criminals collectively and indi vidually with crimes against humanity was filed today at the first public session of the International War Crimes Tribunal. —- I DEFENDANTS NAMED IN WAR CRIME TRIALS 24 High Ranking Nazis Are Listed In Indict ments Today BERLIN, Oct. 8. —(IP)— The 24 defendants named In the war crimes indictments handed up here today are: Hermann Wilhelm G o e r i n g, reichsmarshal, No. 2 Nazi and air force chief. Joachim Von Ribbentrop, foreign minister. 1 Rudolf Hess, No. 3 Nazi. Robert Ley, Nazi labor front' leader. Wilhelm Keitel, field marshal and chief of the high command. Alfred Jodi, colonel-general and chief of the army staff. Karl Doenitz, gland admiral and commander-in-chief of the Ger man Navy. Erich Raeder, grand admiral and former commander of the Navy. Gustav Krupp von Bohlen and Und Halbach, industrialist. Hjalmar Horace Greeley Schacht, former economics minister and reichsbank president. “GREY FOX” Walter Funk, former Nazi press chief and reichsbank < president. Franz Von Papen, the “grey fox”, of Nazi diplomacy. Ernst Kaltenbrunner, chief of the Nazi security police. Alfred Rosenberg, chief prophet of the Nazi philosophy. Hans Frank, governor general in See DEFENDANTS Page 2 Halsey Leaves For Visit In East LOS ANGELES, Oct. 18 —(JP)— Adm. William F. Halsey, comman der of the famed United States Third fleet, left for the east in a navy transport early today follow ing a rousing reception tendered him by this city during his one day visit yesterday. His plane headed for Newcastle, Del., with possible stops at Okla homa City, Memphis and other points during the scheduled 12 hour trip. Halsey, while here, told one group of welcomers that “confus ed optimism” can cause the loss of wars even after they have been won. He urged maintenance of navy strength, declaring: “We ought to keep every ship that can float and men to man them.” WHAT’S DOING TODAY 7:00 pm.—Regular meeting of Kiwanis club. 7:30 p.m.—CAP cadets meet at armory. FRIDAY 12:30 p.m.—Rotary club meets at Hotel Charles. 7:00 p.m.—Duke Power com pany dinner for farm leaders at Hotel Charles. Newest Labor Disturbance Is Among Utility Workers By The Associated *Vess A walkout of Michigan utility workers started today threatening to cut off electrical power for more than 2,000,000 residents of industrial lower counties in the state and in hundreds of factories. Operators of boilers and turbines in the huge Zilwaukee plajqt near Saginaw, which furnishes power for the rich Saginaw valley, re mained away from their Jobs but the company reported the plant still was operating "as best we can” with the men who stayed on duty. i The strike, by members of the k CIOs state utility workers council, started at 8 a.m. EST after em ployes threw a picket line around tbe Zilwaukee plant. The walkout also spread to other Michigan communities and electrical power to private homes and industries at Muskegon was shut off at 8 a.m. A union spokesman said, however, service would be provided for hos pitals, police and fire departments and other essential users. The utility workers involved in the dispute over a 30 per cents an hour wage rate increase demand See NEWEST Page 2 That historic court session at which the 35,100-word document was formally handed up was held * in the severe, high-ceilinged room of the allied control authority building—the same building where some of the participants in the July, 1944, plot against Adolf Hit ler were tried. Under an agreement by the four allied powers, the text of the in- , dictment was embargoed for pub lication until 3 p.m., Eastern Stan dard Time. In the big, orange chamber which formerly housed the Berlin Superior court, history’s first in ternational military tribunal set to work after a brief opening cere mony conducted in four languages. Maj. Gen. Lt. Nikitchenko, chief judge for the Soviet Union, pre sided. After swearing in members of the tribunal, he announced that the court was in session. Then the prosecutors presented the in 1 dictment. 1 CRIMINAL GROUPS I Nikitchenko Rose, acknowledged ! acceptance of the indictment, and made a statement for the court j which disclosed that in addition to the 24 major individual de • fendants, the prosecution would ' seek to convict six Nazi party and I military groups as criminal or • ganizations. I The 24 top-ranking Nazis named in the indictment are charged in dividually and collectively with a multiplicity of crimes costing mil lions of lives. Their hearings probably will begin in November, the defendants having been given 30 days in which to prepare their cases. Meanwhile, deliberations already are underway in Berlin among representatives of the United States, Britaih, the Soviet Union and France on the disposition of Germans not classed as war crim inals but deemed, none the less, menacing to the future peace of See INDICTMENTS Pag* 2 SCIENTISTS GET HEARING Makers Of Atomic Bomb Appear Before House Military Group WASHINGTON. Oct. 18.— (A5) — Men who caused the two great est explosions in history got their chance to create a stir to con gress today. t Hundreds of scientists who worked on the atomic bomb had joined in urgent demands that their spokesmen be heard on President Truman’s atomic energy bill. The result: five noted scientists marched before the house mili tary committee today. Scheduled to speak their minds were Dr. Ar thur H. Compton, Dr. J. R. Op penheimer, Dr. Harold C. Urey, Dr. Leo Szilard, and r. DH. L. An derson. The senate is expected to set up a new committee of senators this afternoon to consider all atomic matters. Brien McMahon (-DConn) heads the list of pros pects for chairmen. ATOMIC ENERGY The immediate work of the new senate group will be to consider the history-making atomic energy bill—the same one being studied by the house military committee. This bill is sponsored by the army and White House. It would create a powerful nine-man com mission of citizens to boss atomic development from now .on Turning to postwar military po licy : Congress heard reports that President Truman plans to ask that every able-bodied young man be liable for a year’s training un der military supervision—but not necessarily a year's service in the army or navy. Meantime the senate military committee, studying proposals for merging the army and navy, called Gen. George C. Marshall for questioning today. Mr. Truman was See SCIENTISTS Page S 1
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